第1部份：簡介香港地產代理業

Q1

志明正在溫習香港地產代理業的監管架構。關於地產代理監管局（EAA）的成立及職能，下列哪項陳述是正確的？

Chee-ming is revising the regulatory framework of the Hong Kong real estate agency industry. Which of the following statements regarding the establishment and functions of the Estate Agents Authority (EAA) is correct?

• A. 地產代理監管局是根據《地產代理條例》（第511章）成立的法定機構，主要職能包括向地產代理及營業員發出牌照及處理針對持牌人的投訴。
• B. 地產代理監管局是香港政府的一個部門，其成員全部為政府公務員，負責監管地產代理業。
• C. 地產代理監管局由財政司司長根據《公司條例》（第622章）成立，作為一間非牟利公司監管地產代理業。
• D. 地產代理監管局主要負責監管香港商業地產的買賣，住宅物業的代理業務則由房屋委員會監管。
• E. 地產代理監管局的委員全部由業界選舉產生，不設政府委任委員，以確保行業自律。

• A. The Estate Agents Authority is a statutory body established under the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511), and its principal functions include issuing licences to estate agents and salespersons and handling complaints against licensees.
• B. The Estate Agents Authority is a government department whose members are all civil servants responsible for regulating the estate agency industry.
• C. The Estate Agents Authority was established by the Financial Secretary under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622) as a non-profit company to regulate estate agents.
• D. The Estate Agents Authority is mainly responsible for regulating commercial property transactions in Hong Kong, while the Housing Authority oversees residential property agency work.
• E. All members of the Estate Agents Authority are elected by the industry without any government-appointed members, so as to ensure industry self-regulation.

顯示答案 / Show Answer

正確答案 / Correct Answer: A

• 《地產代理條例》（第511章）第4條訂明地產代理監管局為根據該條例成立的法定機構。
• 地產代理監管局的職能包括：向符合資格人士發出地產代理及營業員牌照、制訂執業守則及準則，以及調查及處理針對持牌人的投訴（第511章第7條）。

• Section 4 of the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511) establishes the Estate Agents Authority as a statutory body under that Ordinance.
• The functions of the EAA include issuing licences to qualified estate agents and salespersons, formulating codes of practice and standards, and investigating and handling complaints against licensees (Cap. 511, s. 7).

Q2

美玲是一位準備投身地產代理業的人士。她希望了解《地產代理條例》（第511章）的立法目的。下列哪項最能反映該條例的主要立法目的？

Mei-ling is a person preparing to enter the real estate agency industry. She wishes to understand the legislative purpose of the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511). Which of the following best reflects the primary legislative purpose of that Ordinance?

• A. 透過引入發牌制度及規管地產代理的執業行為，保障物業買賣雙方的利益及提升業界的專業水平。
• B. 為香港各類物業的租金水平設定上限，以保障租客免受業主濫收租金。
• C. 規管香港所有物業發展商的銷售行為，防止一手樓宇市場出現失實陳述。
• D. 訂立土地買賣的法律框架，包括規範土地契約的形式及土地轉讓程序。
• E. 設立仲裁機制，專門處理業主與租客之間的租務糾紛，以減輕法庭的訴訟負擔。

• A. To protect the interests of parties to property transactions and raise the professional standards of the industry by introducing a licensing regime and regulating the conduct of estate agents.
• B. To set rent ceilings for various types of properties in Hong Kong so as to protect tenants from being overcharged by landlords.
• C. To regulate the sales conduct of all property developers in Hong Kong and prevent misrepresentation in the primary residential property market.
• D. To establish a legal framework for land transactions, including prescribing the form of land contracts and land transfer procedures.
• E. To establish an arbitration mechanism specifically for resolving tenancy disputes between landlords and tenants, so as to reduce the litigation burden on courts.

顯示答案 / Show Answer

正確答案 / Correct Answer: A

• 《地產代理條例》（第511章）的立法目的在於透過設立發牌制度及監管執業行為，保障物業交易各方的利益並提升地產代理業的整體專業水平。
• 《地產代理條例》（第511章）第1條（簡稱條文）及序言均清楚說明，該條例旨在規管從事地產代理工作的人士，而非規管發展商銷售、租金管制或土地轉讓手續。

• The legislative purpose of the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511) is to protect the interests of parties to property transactions and raise the overall professional standards of the estate agency industry by establishing a licensing regime and regulating conduct.
• The short title and preamble of the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511) make clear that the Ordinance is aimed at regulating persons who carry on estate agency work, not at developer sales conduct, rent control, or land transfer procedures.

Q3

偉業是一位資深地產代理，他向新入職的同事解釋地產代理監管局（EAA）的架構及性質。下列關於地產代理監管局的陳述，哪項是不正確的？

Wai-yip is a senior estate agent explaining the structure and nature of the Estate Agents Authority (EAA) to a newly joined colleague. Which of the following statements about the Estate Agents Authority is INCORRECT?

• A. 地產代理監管局根據《地產代理條例》（第511章）成立，是一個法定監管機構。
• B. 地產代理監管局的職能包括向申請人發出、更新、暫時吊銷或撤銷地產代理牌照。
• C. 地產代理監管局是政府部門，其行政開支全部由香港政府一般稅收撥付。
• D. 地產代理監管局有權就持牌人的失當行為展開紀律聆訊，並可施加相應的紀律處分。
• E. 地產代理監管局負責訂立和推廣業界的操守守則及專業標準。

• A. The EAA was established under the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511) and is a statutory regulatory body.
• B. The functions of the EAA include issuing, renewing, suspending, or revoking estate agent licences to applicants.
• C. The EAA is a government department, and its administrative expenses are fully funded by Hong Kong Government general revenue.
• D. The EAA has the power to conduct disciplinary hearings against licensees for misconduct and may impose appropriate disciplinary sanctions.
• E. The EAA is responsible for establishing and promoting codes of conduct and professional standards for the industry.

顯示答案 / Show Answer

正確答案 / Correct Answer: C

• 地產代理監管局根據《地產代理條例》（第511章）第18條成立，是一個法定機構（statutory body），並非政府部門，其運作經費主要來自業界繳交的牌照費及其他收費，而非由政府一般稅收全額資助。
• 根據《地產代理條例》（第511章）第23條，地產代理監管局的職能包括監管地產代理業、發出及管理牌照、進行紀律程序，以及推廣業界的操守標準。

• The Estate Agents Authority was established under Section 18 of the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511) as a statutory body, not a government department. Its operating funds come primarily from licensing fees and other charges paid by the industry, not entirely from Government general revenue.
• Under Section 23 of the Estate Agents Ordinance (Cap. 511), the functions of the EAA include regulating the estate agency trade, issuing and managing licences, conducting disciplinary proceedings, and promoting standards of conduct in the industry.